One from purine combines with one pyrimidine;
A----T (Adenine with Thymine)
G-----C (Guanine with Cytosine); so on and so forth.
Changes in this base pairing e.g A replacing G (A-----C ) may have devastating consequences.
Scientists at The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR); have precisely demonstrated that.
They found out that if people inherit an ‘A’ in their DNA code in place of a ‘G’ at a genetic variant called rs16888589, produce more protein from a gene called EIFH3. Importantly, the team showed that high levels of the eifh3 protein lead to the development of bowel cancer.
EIFH3 protein in abundance leads to proliferation, growth and survival of the cells that is seen in case of cancers. Four such changes of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) are seen near the EIFH3 gene, which are responsible for switching it on or off.
Single Nucleotide PolymorphismGenome-wide association has previously found out 14 such SNPs. Each SNP is capable of raising the bowel cancer risk 1.5 to 2%. If more than one variation is present in a person, the cancer risk increases many fold.These findings open up an arena for further research in the field to develop drug that can target such faults in the gene.
It has been seen that aspirin in a dose as low as 75 mgs per day for three, five and ten years cuts the risk of colorectal cancer to 19%, 24% and 31% respectively.
Let us wait for more research in this field.
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